Hayim Lapin

2102Q FSK

301 405 4296

Hours: Tu Th 11–12

HIST 370/JWST 325

History of the Jews in the Graeco-Roman Period

http://www.history.umd.edu/Faculty/HLapin/Syllabi/hist370.htm

1114 WDS, Tu-Th 2–3:15

This course examines the history of the Jews and Jewish culture from the sixth century BCE to the first century CE. Over the course of the semester we will (1) survey the political and social history of Jews in both Palestine and the diaspora, and (2) examine some of the important problems in the study of Jewish culture, religion, and society. Although this course does not assume prior knowledge, it is an upper-level course and you will be asked you to be able to read, write, and think about the material in a sophisticated manner.

Requirements:

Attendance and preparation. (5%) You are expected to be in class every session having read the material. If I find that the class as a group is not keeping up with this requirement I will institute weekly quizzes that will combine to count as an additional 10% of your grade, and other grading items adjusted accordingly.

Exams. There will be an in-class midterm March 8 and a final exam May 16. These will be worth 30% and 35%of your grade respectively. The final exam will be cumulative.
Note: The final exam time and date are scheduled by the University. Exceptions will be made only for medical and or other similarly serious reasons. Non-refundable plane tickets are not a valid excuse. Please plan accordingly.

Written Assignments. You will have one paper, 3,000–4,000 words (10–12 pages), due April 24 in class counting toward 30% of the final grade. The topic will be about gentile attitudes toward Jews in antiquity and the question of Òantisemitism.Ó Download the following guidelines and access the texts as follows:
Josephus, Against Apion (selections)
Tacitus, Histories 5.2-5 (Perseus [very slow of late] or MIT classics archive [without paragraph divisions]).
SchŠfer, Judeophobia
(selections)
Gruen, Heritage and Hellenism

Readings. The following books have been ordered at the University Book Center and at the Maryland Book Exchange:

Barclay, John M. G. Jews in the Mediterranean Diaspora: From Alexander to Trajan (323 BCE-117 CE) (Hellenistic Culture and Society). Berkeley: University of California Press, 1999.

Cohen, Shaye J. D. From the Maccabees to the Mishnah, Second Edition. Louisville: Westminster John Knox Press, 2006.

Modrzejewski, Joseph Meleze. The Jews of Egypt. Translated by Robert Cornman. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1997.

SchŠfer, Peter. History of the Jews in the Greco-Roman World. New York: Routledge, 2003.

Tcherikover, Victor. Hellenistic Civilization and the Jews. Rpt. Peabody: Hendrickson Publishers, 1999.

For Biblical texts (Old Testament/Hebrew Bible, New Testament, Apocrypha) you may use any translation you understand (please avoid paraphrases like the Good News Bible). If you wish to make use of an electronic text, I recommend the Revised Standard Version at http://etext.lib.virginia.edu/rsv.browse.html.

The following web resources may be useful to you:

Early Jewish Writings (http://www.earlyjewishwritings.com)

Early Christian Writings (http://www.earlychristianwritings.com)

Wesley Center Online (Northwest Nazarene University) (http://wesley.nnu.edu/biblical_studies)

Christian Classics Ethereal Library (http://www.ccel.org)

Douglas BinderÕs Second Temple Synagogue site (http://www.pohick.org/sts)

Ancient World Mapping Center (http://www.unc.edu/awmc)

In many cases you will also have assigned readings that will be accessible through the web or that will be made available to you as handouts or through some other means. Please remember that these readings are required.

 

 

Outline of Assignments

 

I. Historical Survey—Palestine

1/25

Introduction to the Course

Ezra 1:1–7 (Bible)

Proclamation of Cyrus (handout)

1/30

Persian Period

Ezra 1; 3:1–10:70 (Bible); cf. Haggai 2:1–4; Zechariah 3 (Bible)

Nehemiah 1:1–7:4; 13:1–30 (Bible)

2/1, 6

Hellenistic Period (Alexander to the Hasmonaean Revolt)

SchŠfer, 1–34

Tcherikover, 1–89, 117–151

¥Zenon Papyri (selections) (handout)

¥Hephzibah inscription (handout)

¥Josephus, Antiquities, 12.138–146 (12.3.3 )

2/8, 13

Reform, Persecution, and the Hasmonaean Revolt

SchŠfer, 34–64

Tcherikover, 152–234

1 Maccabees 1:1–9:22 (Apocrypha)

2 Maccabees 4:7–6:31; 8:1–15:39 (Apocrypha)

Daniel 7:1–28; 10:1–12:13 (Bible)

2/15

Hasmonaean Rule in Palestine

SchŠfer, 65–80

Tcherikover, 235–265

1 Maccabees 9:23–15:37

Josephus, Jewish War 1.4.1–1.7.7 (Whiston ed.)
http://www.ccel.org/j/josephus/works/war-1.htm

2/20

Combined with previous due to weather

Early Roman Period (to 66CE)

SchŠfer, 81–120

Josephus, Jewish War 1.14 (entire), 1.20.1–1.21.13 (Whiston ed.)
http://www.ccel.org/j/josephus/works/war-1.htm

 

II. Historical Survey—Diaspora

2/22

Origins of the Diaspora: Egypt and Mesopotamia

Modrzejewski, 47–72

Jeremiah 40–44 (Bible)

2 Kings 25 (Bible)

Documents from Elephantine in Egypt relating to Jews
(http://www.kchanson.com/ ANCDOCS/westsem/westsem.html —click on the Elephantine documents)

2/27, 3/1

Hellenistic and Early Roman Diaspora in Egypt

Modrzejewski, 73–183

Barclay, 19–78

Tcherikover, 269–296

Josephus, Antiquities, 19.278–91 (Handout)

(Compare to the papyrus letter; is Josephus telling the truth, lying, or mistaken?)

¥Emperor ClaudiusÕ Letter to the Alexandrians (CPJ 153)
(Also available at: http://www.yorku.ca/pswarney/3131/P-JEWSa.htm )

¥Philo, Legatio ad Gaium esp. sections 120–206, 349–73
(http://www.earlyjewishwritings.com/text/philo/book40.html )

3/6

Hellenistic and Early Roman Diaspora outside Egypt

Barclay 231–306

3/8

Midterm Exam, in class

Download a midterm study guide

 

III. Jewish Culture and Society in the Hellenistic and Early Roman Periods

3/13, 15

Religious and Cultural Life

Diaspora:

Inscriptions from Egypt
(http://www.pohick.org/sts/egypt.html —synagogue inscriptions)
You may wish to read the Introduction to Douglas BinderÕs book at
http://www.pohick.org/sts/Introframe.html

Palestine:

*S. Schwartz, Imperialism and Jewish Society 200 BCE to 640 CE (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2001), 49–88
UM Student Access

3/20, 3/22

Spring Break, no classes

3/27, 29

Family, Economy, Gender

 Tobit (Apocrypha)

Judith (Apocrypha)

Ben Sira 9:1–9 (Apocrypha)

Testament of Joseph (perhaps from Syria?) 1–9
(http://www.ccel.org/fathers2/ANF-08/anf08-15.htm#P626_158786 —an old translation)

*R. S. Kraemer, in Jewish Women in Historical Perspective, 46–72.
UM Student Access

4/3

1st day of Passover (class cancelled)

4/5

Sects and Parties (i): Pharisees, Sadducees, Essenes, etc.

Josephus, Jewish War (Whiston ed.) 2.8 (entire)
http://www.ccel.org/j/josephus/works/war-2.htm

*ÒSome Matters of the TorahÓ (4QMMT), Vermes, CDSS, 222–228 (handout)

The following passages (a non-exhaustive list) from the New Testament relating to sects are recommended (note that you will be reading all of Matthew and Acts for the next unit):

Mark 2:15–3:6; 7:1–23; 8:11–13, 15; 10:2–10; 12:13–34

Matthew 3:1–6, 7; 4:3; 8:18; 9: 11–3, 14–17, (34); 11:2–19; 12:1–4, 22–32, 38–42; 16:1–12; 19:3–9; 21:23; 22: 15–22; 23:33, 34–45; chapter 23.

Luke 5:17–6:11; 7:18–35; 7:36–49; 11:37–54; 13:31; 14:1–6; 15:1–2; 16:14–15; 17:20; 18:9–14; 20:45–7

John 1:24; 3:1–21; 7:32–36; (7:3–11;) 7:45–52; 9:13–41, 48; 11:45–53, 55–7; 18:3

Acts of the Apostles 4:1, 5, 5:17, 34, 21:38–39; 23:6–8

4/10

2nd day of Passover (class cancelled)

4/12

Pharisees, Sadducees, Essenes (contÕd)

4/17, 19

Sects and Parties (ii): Early Christianity

Barclay, Diaspora, 381–95

Gospel of Matthew (New Testament)

Acts of the Apostles (New Testament)

4/24, 26

Ethnicity, Identity, Alterity: With Special Focus on Diaspora

Barclay, 82–124, (320–380 recommended), 399–444

Tcherikover, 296–380

 

IV. Revolts in Palestine and the Diaspora

5/1, 3

Revolts in Palestine 66–70, 132–135

SchŠfer, 121–163

Revolts 66–70, 115–117, 132–135 CE

Josephus, Jewish War (Whiston ed.) 2.17 (entire), 2.20.1–6;
http://www.ccel.org/j/josephus/works/war-2.htm

Josephus, Jewish War (Whiston ed.) 6.4.3–8
http://www.ccel.org/j/josephus/works/war-6.htm

Tacitus Histories, 5.1–13
http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?lookup=Tac.+Hist.+5.1
(On the left select ÒDisplay text chunked by bookÓ)
Note: This is also available at: http://classics.mit.edu/Tacitus/histories.5.v.html (faster, but paragraph numbers are not marked)

*Handout of documents illustrating the Bar Kokhba revolt

5/8

Revolts in the Diaspora 115–117

Barclay, Diaspora, 48–80

*Cassius Dio 68.32.1–3 (Stern, Greek and Latin Authors, II, 385–6) (Handout)

*Eusebius, Ecclesiastical History, 4.2.1–5 (Stern, Greek and Latin Authors, III, 29–30) (Handout)

*Tcherikover, Corpus Papyrorum Judaicarum , II, nos. 435 (p. 232), 438 (p. 238), 443 (p. 249); 450 (p. 260) (Handout)

5/10

Unfinished Business

5/16

Final Exam, 10:30–12:30